Japanese Language Dictionaries
Here is a short list of basic dictionaries for Japanese language:
- Chiezō 知恵蔵: A handy source to look up contemporary terminology. The latest issue is offered in Asahi Kikuzo II Visual
- Dai Kan-Wa jiten 大漢和辞典 / 諸橋轍次著: The most comprehensive dictionary of Chinese characters from Japan (ca. 50,000 characters with ca. 500,000 word entries). 語彙索引 in Japanese alphabetical order is also available
- Denshi kuzushiji jiten 電子くずし字字典: One of the databases offered by 東京大学史料編纂所.『電子くずし字字典データベース』『木簡画像データベース・木簡字典』連携検索 is also available
- Gendai yōgo no kiso chisiki 現代用語の基礎知識: A handy source to look up contemporary terminology. The latest issue is offered in JapanKnowledge
- Itaiji kaidoku jiten 異体字解読字典 / [監修山田勝美 ; 編者「難字大鑑」編集委員会]: A dictionary for variant characters
- Kadokawa kogo daijiten 角川古語大辞典 / 中村幸彥, 岡見正雄, 阪倉篤義編: Lists a variety of words used in pre-modern periods including Buddhist terms, place names, personal names, etc.
- Kokuji no jiten 国字の字典 / 飛田良文監修 ; 菅原義三編: Includes over 1,500 Chinese characters created in Japan--the characters not used in China
- Kuzushiji yōrei jiten くずし字用例辞典 / 児玉幸多編: Offers many examples of cursive writings
- New Nelson Japanese-English character dictionary / by John H. Haig: A completely revised, new Nelson dictionary (The modern reader's Japanese-English character dictionary / Andrew Nathaniel Nelson)
- Nihon hōgen daijiten 日本方言大辞典 / 編集 尚学図書: Lists words in dialects in Japanese alphabetical order. For finding dialects from standard words, use 標準語引き日本方言辞典
- Nihon kokugo daijiten (dai 2-han) 日本国語大辞典 (第2版): The most comprehensive dictionary of Japanese language (ca. 500,000 entries). Provides meanings, usages in old literary or historical works, variations of words in dialects, etc. A more updated online version of the dictionary is available via JapanKnowledge
- Onkunbiki komonjo daijisō 音訓引古文書大字叢 / 監修 林英夫: Lists ca. 14,000 words frequently used in historical documents from the Edo period, in Japanese alphabetical order
- Reading Tutor リーディング チュウ太: A collection of links for learning Japanese language
- Rikai: Program for learning Japanese, which also provides readings and definitions of Chinese characters in English; created by Todd David Rudick utilizing the resources made available by Jim Breen and his EDICT Project
- Weblio: Supports translation from Japanese to other languages
Biographical Information
Here is a short list of sources for checking biographical information of Japanese persons:
- Gō, betsumei jiten 号, 別名辞典 (日外アソシエーツ) series: Cataloged in multiple titles. Helps to identify Japanese persons from other known names such as pennames
- J-Global: The database maintained by the Japan Science and Technology Agency provides information on researchers affiliated to Japanese institutions
- JapanKnowledge: Includes basic Japanese encyclopedias and dictionaries, including Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan
- Jige Kaden Haga Jinmei Jiten Database 地下家伝・芳賀人名辞典データベース: Includes ''Nihon jinmei jiten'' (1914) by Haga Yaichi (1867-1917) and ''Jige kaden'' (1937-1938) by Mikami Kagefumi and Masamune Atsuo (1881-1958)
- Jinbutsu refarensu jiten 人物レファレンス事典 (日外アソシエーツ) series: Cataloged in multiple titles
- Jinmei yomikata jiten 人名よみかた辞典: Helps to find possible reading of Japanese personal names
- Kokusho jinmei jiten 国書人名辞典: Covers Japanese authors in pre-modern period
- Rekishi jinbutsu gazō dētabēsu 歴史人物画像データベース: Includes images of historical figures dipicted in Japanese old and rare publications
- Wagakusha sōran 和学者総覧: Lists Japanese scholars from pre-modern period
- World Biographical Information System: Serves as an index to various biographical dictionaries in print, both in English and Japanese
Texts and Translations
Following resources are useful to locate citations for texts and translations:
- Index Translationum: A database of translations maintained by UNESCO
- Japanese Literature in Translation Search = 日本文学翻訳書誌検索: A database of translations of literary works into a variety of languages; maintained by the Japan Foundation
- Premodern Japanese Texts and Translations: A bibliography of translations and reviews of the literary works up to about 1600; includes works written in kanbun and Chinese
- Shinpen Kokka taikan 新編国歌大観: CD-ROM version is available for use at the Reading Room of East Asian Library
Following are selected sources that offer online texts:
- Aozora Bunko 青空文庫: Modern Japanese literary works in full-text
- J-Texts (日本文学電子図書館)
- JapanKnowledge: In addition to basic Japanese reference sources including encyclopedias and dictionaries (e.g., 日本大百科全書, 日本国語大辞典, 國史大辭典, Encyclopedia of Japan, etc.), JapanKnowledge provides access to 東洋文庫 (平凡社) and 新編日本古典文学全集(小学館) series.
- Japanese Text Initiative = 日本語テキストイニシアチブ: Texts of classical and modern literature; collaborative effort of the University of Virginia Library Electronic Text Center and the University of Pittsburgh East Asian Library
- Kokubungaku Kenkyū Shiryōkan Denshi ShiryōkanDētabēsu 国文学研究資料館電子資料館データベース: Offers a variety of databases for Japanese literary studies, including 国文学論文目録データベースwhich covers articles since 1912. Also offers full texts from 「日本古典文学大系」(岩波書店), 「噺本大系」(東京堂出版), etc.
Statistics and Data
Here is a short list of resources for statistics and other data on Japan:
- e-Gov: Denshi Seifu no Sōgō Madoguchi 電子政府の総合窓口: Gateway to government-related information and homepages of Japanese government agencies
- e-Stat: Portal Site of Official Statistics of Japan: Developed by Statistics Bureau. Use the "Search for statistics" box to locate statistics from over 30 ministries and agencies.
- Kokumin keizai keisan 国民経済計算 (National Accounts of Japan): Provided by Japan's Cabinet Office
- Nihon Ginkō 日本銀行: Offers various statistics information
- Nihon tōkei nenkan = Japan statistical year-book = 日本統計年鑑
- Nikkei Research Telephone Survey 日経電話世論調査: Nikkei's telephone survey reports since 2002
- Social Science Japan Data Archive (SSJDA): Archive of social science data concerning Japan. The SSJDA collects, compiles, and digitizes micro-level data on Japanese society, and offers them for secondary analysis.
- Sōmushō Tōkeikyoku 総務省統計局 = Statistics Bureau of Japan
- Yoron chōsa 世論調査 (内閣府): Public opinion polls conducted by the Japan's Cabinet Office
- Yoron chōsa 世論調査 (NHK放送文化研究所): Public opinion polls conducted by the NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute

